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CNC machine tools common fault analysis and processing examples

August 04, 2023
First, over-range alarm (5n0 ~ 5nm):

1) Back to the reference point, the starting point is too close to the reference point, or the speed is too slow. Through a certain method, the machine's over-travel shaft can be removed from the over-travel zone.

2) Correctly perform the zero-return operation. Manually move the machine to a certain distance in the opposite direction from zero. This position requires that the zero return action be performed outside the deceleration zone.

3) If there is still an alarm after the above operation, check the zero-reduction signal, check the zero-stop block, and whether the zero return switch and the associated signal circuit are normal.

Second, the return to zero abnormal

Manual and automatic operation and processing are not possible. Causes and handling: When the position display (relative, absolute, machine coordinates) is not moving, check the CNC status display, emergency stop signal, reset signal, and operating mode status.

Third, 90# alarm ALM998ROM parity alarm

When the system is used, all ROMs must perform parity check during system initialization and operation. When the check error occurs, an alarm occurs and the error ROM number is indicated.

Failure reason and remedy: The ROM on the memory card is faulty or improperly installed, or the circuit board of the memory card is abnormal. When the display screen shows the ROM alarm number, it is most likely due to a failure of the memory card. First, check the position of the display prompt number. If the ROM is installed properly, replace it if it is correct.

Fourth, the AL950 power supply unit 24V fuse (F14) fuse

In the FANUC-0C system, a separate external 24V fuse is provided in the circuit structure in order to prevent a power short circuit due to the DI/DO interface.

Failure reason and processing method: Turn off the system power when the machine side cable is short-circuited to the ground, and use the method of measuring the resistance to determine whether there is +24E short-circuit to the ground. There are (+24E) and ground (GND) measurements on the main board and memory card. Terminals can directly measure the resistance between them. When the measured value is 0 ohms, unplug the connectors on the I/O card and check the resistance again. If the measured resistance value increases by about 100 ohms after unplugging the I/O connector plug, it can be confirmed that there is a short circuit to the ground on the I/O load side.

V. SV400#, SV402# (overload alarm)

Fault reason: 400# is overloaded in the first and second axes; 402# is overloaded in the third and fourth axes.

This alarm is issued when the overheat switch of the servo motor and the overheat switch of the servo amplifier operate.

The servo amplifier has an overload check signal, which is a normally closed contact signal. When the servo motor overload switch detects the overheating of the motor or the temperature of the amplifier rises, the switch is turned on to generate an alarm. Under normal circumstances, this switch and the transformer overheating switch and the external discharge unit overheating switch in series, the signal is a normally closed contact, when the motor overheats, the signal issued an alarm, passed by the PWM command to the NC.

Six, P/S85 ~ 87 serial interface failure

Fault reason: Serial communication is often used when parameters and program input are made on the machine tool, and the computer or other storage device is connected with the machine tool through the RS232 interface. This alarm appears when the parameters are not set correctly and the cable or hardware is faulty.

Fault finding and recovery:

85# alarm: When reading data from an external device, the serial communication number has an overrun error. If the input data does not match or the transmission speed does not match, the parameters related to the serial communication should be checked. If the check parameter has no error, When this alarm occurs, check the I/O device for damage.
86# alarm: The I/O device's action preparation signal (DR) turns off when data is input. Need to check:

1Interface at both ends of serial communication cable (including system interface)

2Check the serial communication parameters of the system and external devices

3 Check that the program protection switch of the external device or system is turned on.

Seven, P/S00# alarm

Fault reason: After setting important parameters, such as servo parameters, the system enters the protection state, and the system needs to be restarted to load new parameters.

Recovery method: After confirming that the contents of the correction are correct, turn off the power and restart.

Eight, P/S100# alarm

Fault reason: When the system parameter is modified, the system will issue this alarm after the write protection setting PWE=1.

Recovery method:

1 After this alarm is issued, the parameter page can be called to modify the parameters as usual.

2 After modifying the parameters for confirmation, set the write protection setting PWE=0

3 Press RESET to reset the alarm. If important parameters are modified, restart the system.
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